Supreme Court Gives Trump Admin Huge Immigration Win-0311
The Supreme Court unanimously ruled in favor of the federal government on Wednesday in the case of Urias-Orellana v. Bondi in an opinion written by Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson that said federal courts of appeals must apply a deferential standard of review when evaluating the Board of Immigration Appeals’ decision regarding whether asylum seekers have faced the level of persecution required to qualify for asylum protections.
The case originated from an asylum application submitted by Douglas Humberto Urias-Orellana, his wife Sayra Iliana Gamez-Mejia, and their child, who fled to the United States in 2021 due to threats of violence in El Salvador.
Urias-Orellana argued that the family qualified for asylum because they were being pursued in El Salvador by a hitman, known as a sicario, who had previously shot two of his half-brothers. He stated that associates of this sicario had repeatedly demanded money from him and had physically assaulted him on one occasion, the SCOTUS Blog reported.
When deciding whether to grant an asylum request, immigration judges evaluate if applicants came to the U.S. due to “persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion,” as specified in the Immigration and Nationality Act.
In the case of Urias-Orellana, a judge found that his experiences did not meet this standard, in part because the family had previously avoided danger by relocating within El Salvador. Following this ruling, the family’s legal team appealed to the Board of Immigration Appeals.
However, in 2023, the board upheld the judge’s decision on persecution and the order of removal.
“Under the INA, asylum seekers can ask a federal court of appeals to review their asylum claim if the BIA denies it. The family did so, and that request led to the Supreme Court case. The justices agreed to resolve a disagreement between the federal courts of appeals over what standard of review the courts should use when reviewing a persecution determination,” noted SCOTUS Blog.
On Wednesday, the court ruled that the INA requires appellate courts to use the relatively deferential substantial-evidence standard. That means, as Jackson explained in the court’s ruling, reversal of the BIA’s decision is “warranted only ‘if, in reviewing the record as a whole, any reasonable adjudicator would be compelled to conclude to the contrary.’”
Jackson noted that the relevant part of the INA “does not use the phrase ‘substantial evidence.’” However, she continued, multiple other phrases in the statute “truncate[] the court’s review,” including Section 1252(b)(4)(B), which states that “the administrative findings of fact are conclusive unless any reasonable adjudicator would be compelled to conclude to the contrary.”
The nation’s highest court has held before that this subsection “prescribe[s] a deferential, ‘substantial-evidence standard’ for review of agency factual findings,” Jackson wrote.
Per Jackson, with Wednesday’s ruling, the Supreme Court also strengthened its 1992 holding in INS v. Elias-Zacarias, in which a majority of justices determined “that ‘to obtain judicial reversal’ of the agency’s persecution determination, an asylum applicant ‘must show that the evidence he presented was so compelling that no reasonable factfinder could fail to find the requisite fear of persecution.’”
Although “Congress amended the INA shortly after” that decision, including to add what is now Section 1252(b)(4)(B), “those amendments … codified the Elias-Zacarias standard,” rather than rejecting it, Jackson noted in her ruling.
She said the law requires courts to uphold those findings unless the evidence clearly compels a different conclusion.
“The agency’s determination … is generally ‘conclusive unless any reasonable adjudicator would be compelled to conclude to the contrary,’” Jackson wrote.
Based on “the force of Elias-Zacarias and [the statutes’] enactment history,” Jackson concluded, the substantial-evidence standard has to apply, SCOTUS Blog said.
My Husband Left Me in Rags for His Mistress. He Didn't Know My Billionaire Father Owned the Gala.
He took his mistress to the most prestigious gala in the city and left me standing in an old evening dress, then looked me in the eye and said, ""You'll only embarrass me."" He thought humiliating me would be the end of the story. He had no idea that one phone call I'd kept hidden for three years was about to shake everything he had built.
""You really planned to wear that?""
My husband's voice drifted up from the front entrance, cold enough to make my hands tremble. I stood frozen in front of the bedroom mirror, staring at the navy dress I had treasured since before we got married. The fabric was still elegant, but time had begun to show along the sleeves. I smoothed them anyway, hoping they looked less obvious.
Outside, Spencer Reed stepped out of his black SUV looking like the perfect CEO, every inch polished and confident. From the hallway, I heard our housekeeper, Mrs. Evelyn, gently ask if she should tell me it was time to come downstairs.
""There isn't any reason,"" Spencer answered without hesitation. ""Paisley's coming with me.""
His words hit harder than a slap.
I walked to the window and watched him adjust his cuff links without even glancing toward the house. Three years of marriage... and somehow I still kept convincing myself that if I stayed humble enough, patient enough, invisible enough, he would eventually love me.
I was wrong.
The sound of high heels echoed through the marble foyer.
Paisley Dawson slipped beside him wearing a shimmering gold gown that looked like it belonged on a magazine cover. Around her neck sparkled a diamond necklace that cost more than I had probably spent on myself during our entire marriage.
She smiled sweetly before looking me up and down.
""So... you're the wife.""
Her eyes paused on my worn sleeves, and she laughed softly.
""Now I understand why Spencer never brings you anywhere.""
I waited.
Surely my husband would say something.
Anything.
Instead, he smiled at her.
""You look incredible.""
The room suddenly felt colder.
Paisley rested her hand possessively on his arm.
""The Apex Group charity gala isn't a place for someone dressed like... that,"" she said. ""Tonight will be filled with CEOs, senators, investors—people who actually matter. You'd only make Spencer look bad.""
Every word was carefully chosen to wound.
I turned to Spencer, refusing to let them see the anger building inside me.
He didn't defend me.
He didn't deny her words.
He simply offered Paisley his arm.
""We're late.""
That was all.
I stood silently as the front door closed behind them. A few seconds later, the SUV disappeared through the gates, its taillights fading into the evening.
Mrs. Evelyn quietly walked over and touched my arm.
""I'm so sorry, Mrs. Reed. Would you like me to make you some dinner?""
I forced a faint smile.
""No... thank you.""
I climbed the stairs alone and shut the bedroom door behind me. Through the window I could see the skyline where tonight's gala was already beginning, lights glowing above the city like another world I was never meant to enter.
Then my phone vibrated.
A message.
Unknown number.
When I opened it, my stomach dropped.
It was a selfie from the back seat of Spencer's SUV.
Paisley leaned against him with a smug grin, flashing a peace sign while Spencer's reflection appeared beside her in the window.
Below the photo she had written:
""By the time tonight is over, he'll belong to me completely. Have fun waiting at home.""
I didn't cry.
Instead, I walked to my vanity, opened the lowest drawer, and pulled out a small red velvet box I hadn't touched in three years.
Inside rested a SIM card.
The one I promised myself I'd never need again.
I slipped it into my phone.
Only one contact appeared.
Dad.
My thumb hovered over the screen before I finally pressed Call.
One ring.
Two.
Three.
Then I heard the voice I hadn't allowed myself to hear since I walked away from my family.
""Phoebe?""
His voice sounded older... but the concern was still there.
My throat tightened.
""Dad...""
For a moment I couldn't speak.
Then the words finally escaped.
""I want to come home.""
Silence.
Long enough to make my heart pound.
Finally, my father—Raymond Harrell, the billionaire whose name could open almost any door in the country—answered with a voice trembling from emotion.
""My little girl...""
Another pause.
""I'm coming to get you.""
In that instant, everything changed.
Spencer believed tonight would elevate his empire.
He had no idea the most powerful man he'd ever unknowingly offended was already on his way.
